What role do earthworms play in promoting plant health?

Earthworms play a vital role in promoting plant health primarily by improving soil quality and drainage. They achieve this through their natural behavior of burrowing and consuming organic matter, which enhances soil structure and increases aeration. As earthworms move through the soil, they create channels that allow water to percolate more effectively, preventing waterlogging and enabling roots to access moisture easily. Additionally, the decomposition of organic materials by earthworms leads to nutrient-rich castings, which serve as a natural fertilizer for plants. This enhanced soil quality supports better root development, increases microbial activity, and boosts overall plant growth, making earthworms essential allies for healthy plant ecosystems.